B a c k g r o u n d. It is devoted to understanding the figure of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, whose activity is the embodiment of moral virtues and the role of the church in times of war and the post-war state as one of the factors of the unity of the nation. The ideological, civic, artistic and patronage factors of the formation of the personality of Andrey Sheptytsky are considered. It is illustrated how (...) the metropolitan combined church service with such areas of activity as educational, social, cultural, socio-political, support for women, humanistic, because the basis of all areas of the metropolitan's activity is service to God and people, with his example and deeds he inspired people to be better, to be morally mature citizens. M e t h o d s. To study this problem, classical methods of both historical and philosophical analysis and the humanities were used. Together with the method of biographical analysis of the biography of Andrey Sheptytsky, we used the basic principles of scientific knowledge: objectivity and consistency, analysis, generalization, explanation. R e s u l t s. The features of the biography of Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky (Roman-Maria-Alexander) are revealed, his origin from an ancient boyar family, which had an influence on the formation of his worldview. The activities of Andrey Sheptytsky on the metropolitan throne (which he ascended on January 12, 1901) are meaningfully revealed, which go beyond religious service and encompass the national life of the community and the people. The directions of the metropolitan's activities that contributed to the national and cultural revival are revealed. One of the factors in the formation of his civic identity and state ideology is noted (acquaintance with the leader of the Kyiv community, professor of history at Kyiv University Volodymyr Antonovych). The prerequisites that contributed to his fascination with art, which led to his further teaching of the course of the history of church art at the Theological Academy, are meaningfully revealed. The figure of Andrey Sheptytsky as a patron of Ukrainian art (his invitation to Lviv and support for the artist Oleksa Novakivskyi) and the role of the metropolitan as the founder of the National Museum in Lviv are investigated. C o n c l u s i o n s. It is proven that in the person of Andrey Sheptytsky, the Bolshevik occupiers saw a threat to the rule of their regime and eventually resorted to persecution of the metropolitan both during his lifetime (arrest (1914), exile (1914-1917)) and after, falsifying the historical truth about his activities. It is substantiated that Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky created the appropriate conditions for the upbringing and training of a new galaxy of clergymen who acquired fundamental knowledge, in particular in philosophy, history and culture. Thus, through education, he supported intergenerational ties and national consciousness. The Metropolitan managed to implement a strategy that united the factors of intellectual, spiritual, educational, cultural and artistic principles, which in the future contributed to the formation of a galaxy of followers and leaders, thanks to whom we partially survived as a nation in the darkest times. It is proven that Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky is a reformer in his views, he managed to introduce the Ukrainian language into worship, reform theological education. Understanding the need to form and educate a new generation of clergy, he in every way supported schools, theological seminaries, cultural and educational societies, internships of theological students abroad, and the publication of religious and educational magazines. (shrink)

Andrey Sheptytsky - Metropolitan of the Greek Catholic Church, belongs to the key figures of Ukrainian history of the first half of the twentieth century. Its influence on the spiritual and national-political life of Ukrainians of that time, the processes of crystallization of national consciousness, as well as on the sphere of practical politics, cannot be overestimated. A. Sheptytsky's life path is an object of constant attention of historians, but it would still be early to assert (...) its full and comprehensive coverage. One of the debating issues in historiography remains the formation of national-political and religious views of the future Metropolitan. As you know, A. Sheptytsky was descended from the Polonized family, the process of his upbringing and education took place in the circle of Polish culture and national-state tradition. Already at adulthood, he made a conscious choice in favor of the Ukrainian Church and nation. The reasons and motives for this choice require a thorough study, taking into account the many factors that led it. (shrink)

Autumn 1918 p. the breakup of the war-weakened Austro-Hungarian Empire was evident. Taking into account the existing claims of the Poles on the territory of Galicia, the first task of the Ukrainian parliamentary representation was to prepare for the re-election of the authorities in the region. On his initiative October 18-19, 1918 p. a constituent was held in Lviv - "a representative assembly of Ukrainian ambassadors to the parliament and regional councils of Galicia and Bukovina, bishops, delegates of Ukrainian parties...".

The urgency of the topic of the article: determined by the need for coverage and scientific reflection on the socio-historical preconditions for the convening of the Second Vatican Council; determined by the need to study the problems and perspectives of establishing and church dialogue at the present stage. The study of the uniative activity of Metropolitan A. Sheptytsky in the context of the Vatican's Eastern policy in the early 20th century. makes it possible to understand the tendencies and (...) peculiarities of the development of Ukrainian-Vatican relations at the present stage, the formation of a retrograde model of the Greek Catholic Church and its interaction with society, the state, the international community, etc. (shrink)

The first annotated publication of the selected letters by Ivan Mirchuk to Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky, which are part of the correspondence of the Ukrainian Scientific Institute in Berlin with Metropolitan Andrey.

The issue of inter-denominational understanding has been relevant to Ukrainians for many centuries. During the discussions the idea of ​​proclaiming the Ukrainian patriarchate was crystallized. According to the clergy, this would resolve the existing inter-denominational contradictions. However, the problem has become more political than religious. The emergence of such a powerful structure in Ukraine was opposed by the Polish authorities and the Polish-Latin clergy, as well as by the Russian government and its Orthodox Church. For Catholic Poland and Orthodox Moscow, (...) the establishment of an independent church in Ukraine was associated with state formation and signified a sharpening of the Ukrainian issue. Therefore, depending on the political situation, work in this direction was suspended or, conversely, revived. (shrink)

In the complex process of the formation of new religious-religious paradigms, the problem of the interrelationship of religious and national is taken as a priority, since the synthesis of these elements influences the realization of religious experience and, in fact, acts as a characteristic feature of its functioning in the Ukrainian Greek Catholicism itself.

The article tells about Andrey Sheptytsky relationships with the Greek Catholics of Moscow, its role in the approval of this religious denomination. The second half of the nineteenth century the Russian Empire began to spread the movement by joining the Apostolic Vatican. Most consistently argued this line famous Russian philosopher Vladimir Solovyov. Acquainted with him at the end of1887 inMoscow, then a student of law Andrey Sheptytsky understood better his other concept, which began to implement after (...) taking the throne of Metropolitan of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in L'viv. To this end it in 1908 with the blessing of the Pope visited St. Petersburg and Moscow, where he laid the foundation for future congregations of the Greek Catholic Church, and epistolary support their activities. After his release from Russian prison in spring 1917 Metropolitan Sheptytsky Church planned to convene a Constituent Assembly of Russian Greek Catholic church in Moscow, in connection with which he arrived in the city May 15. However, through the work of the council at the Russian Orthodox Church was not possible to provide delegates housing, which forced organizers to move the gathering to Petrograd. At the same time, while in Moscow for three days, Metropolitan Sheptytsky chance to see the Abrikosov's family, which worked devotedly for distribution in the union, visited the New Jerusalem Peter, Bishop of Smolensk, which was seen during the previous visit to the city in 1908, and substantively engaged in problem interned eastward Russian authorities Galician Greek Catholic priests and civilians. (shrink)

During the German occupation, the fratricidal Polish-Ukrainian conflict became particularly acute. In 1941 Archbishop Boleslav Tvardovsky and Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky discussed the question of their pastoral duty to prevent the rise of crimes caused by this conflict. At the same time, both hierarchs expressed some despair that they did not have sufficient influence on the perpetrators of these crimes.

A special place in A. Sheptytsky's socio-political activity is occupied by parliamentary activity. Considering the fact that the Metropolitan has been intolerant of the use of terror in political struggle, it becomes clear why parliamentary methods of struggle were most effective for him.

The traditions of theological education in Ukraine have been around for more than a millennium. Whatever version of the adoption of Christianity in Russia was not accepted - "Saint-Andrew", "Korsun", "Bulgarian" or "Great Moravian", after Christianity became an official religion in our territories, in the monasteries and cathedrals functioning institutions that were preparing frames for pastoral labor. At all times in Ukraine, future priests were taught and educated exclusively by mentors of the spiritual dignity. In 1929, when the Lviv Theological (...) Academy was formed on the initiative of the head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, Metropolitan Andriy Sheptytsky, a fundamental modification took place in the issue of the selection of faculty members for this educational institution. (shrink)

In the article, the author substantiates the thesis that the study of the historiography of early Neo-Thomism is extremely important for research on the history of its Ukrainian branch and, accordingly, the creation of its Ukrainian historiography. Early Neotomism is a significant stage in the development of Neotomism. Under its influence, Ukrainian neo-Thomists Andrei Sheptytsky, J. Slipyj, and M. Konrad formed their views. Its study is an important part of the historiography of Ukrainian Neo-Thomism. The study of early Neo-Thomism (...) helps not only to objectively assess the views of Ukrainian Neo-Thomists, but also to distinguish the views of thinkers who do not belong to it, as in the case of H. Kostelnyk. The historiography of the issue includes not only the works of Ukrainian thinkers and studies devoted to their views, but also the sources of Neotomism, the works of foreign Neotomists, and studies that help to reconstruct the inherent context of the ideas of the representatives of the movement in Ukraine. The most important of these types of works are the encyclicals of the Popes and documents of the Church, the works of Neo-Thomist philosophers, and the achievements of researchers of this period. They help to recreate the context and clarify the features of early Neo-Thomism. The main one is objective idealism, which is used to criticise subjectivism in philosophy. The next feature is the reference not directly to the works of Thomas Aquinas, but to the encyclicals of the Popes, Church documents, and the works of famous Neo-Thomists. Thus, the absence of direct references to St Thomas is not a reason to think that a thinker cannot be a Neotomist. The study of early Neo-Thomism is an important part of the historiography of Ukrainian Neo-Thomism. His research will make it possible not only to objectively assess the views of Ukrainian neo-Thomists, but also to distinguish the views of thinkers who do not belong to it. As a result, it can be argued that the study of the historiography of early neo-Thomism is extremely important for research on the history of its Ukrainian branch and, accordingly, for the creation of the historiography of the issue. (shrink)

Resolution Matrix Semantics (RMS) introduces the alternative truth-value-based framework for modal logic, providing a substantive alternative to Kripke’s relational semantics of possible worlds. Drawing inspiration from Y. Ivlev’s substantive semantics, RMS utilizes a 4-valued structure—necessary truth (tn), contingent truth (tc), contingent false (fc), and necessary false (fn)—augmented by indeterminate values (t, f, t/f) to define modal systems Km, KDm, KTm, S4m, and S5m, analogous to Kripke’s K, KD, T, S4, and S5. By directly assigning determined and indeterminate truth values via (...) an interpretation function, RMS validates formulas without relying on accessibility relations, as demonstrated through soundness and completeness proofs and a tailored tableau method. The framework’s versatility extends to applications in deontic logic, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing, enabling context-dependent reasoning with computational efficiency. RMS thus bridges philosophical logic and practical domains, offering a truth-centric perspective on modal reasoning’s complexities. (shrink)

In this article, I present a sociological approach to the problem of meaningful work that dwells on its broad social and cultural sources, as opposed to the focus on subjective and organizational factors currently prevailing in the field. Specifically, I consider two sociological perspectives, those of community and autonomy, as important conceptual tools for understanding the ambivalent character of modern culture in providing individuals with a sense of meaningfulness of their activities. I also review some of the existing research on (...) meaningful work and interpret it through this conceptual distinction, both to show the latter’s relevance for the field and to identify the gaps it might help fill. As a result, based on the sociological perspectives, I propose a general conceptual model and discuss five directions to further advance the theoretical comprehension of meaningful work, and I suggest some implications of these perspectives for normative business ethics. (shrink)

The construct of moral intensity, proposed by Jones (1991), was used to predict the extent to which individuals were able to recognize moral issues. We tested for the effects of the six dimensions of moral intensity: social consensus, proximity, concentration of effect, probability of effect, temporal immediacy and magnitude of consequences. A scenario-based study, conducted among business individuals in Singapore, revealed that social consensus and magnitude of consequences influenced the recognition of moral issues. The study provided evidence for the effects (...) of temporal immediacy. There was marginal support for the impact of proximity and probability of effect but no evidence that concentration of effect influenced recognition of moral issues. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these results for researchers and organisational practitioners. (shrink)

There are very significant conceptual links between theories of social macroevolution and theories of the World System development. It is shown that the growth of the World System complexity and integrity can be traced through a system of phase transitions of macroevolution. The first set of phase transition is connected with the agrarian, industrial, and information-scientific revolutions (that are interpreted as changes of “production principles”). The second set consists of phase transitions within one production principle. These phase transitions are analyzed (...) on the basis of the World System urbanization dynamics, but they can be traced with respect to the other (cultural, economic, technological, demographic, political, etc.) dimensions of the World System development. (shrink)

This article develops the philosophical foundation of the hypothesis of local causality, according to which physical reality emerges as a cognitive projection onto the structure of Ekza — the first stably distinguishable boundary made possible by the transontological condition called Apophaton. It is argued that space, the observer, matter, and even physical laws are not fundamental, but arise as forms of stable distinguishability. The hypothesis is interpreted as the basis for an Ultimate Theory — a framework that not only describes (...) physical structures, but also articulates the very conditions of possibility for knowledge and distinction. The paper explores the philosophical implications of this position, including the emergence of freedom, the limits of thought, and the apophatic form of theoretical completeness. (shrink)

This paper explores the rhetorical strategies and performative roles of Russian pro-war intellectuals during three critical moments in the ongoing conflict with Ukraine: the February 2022 invasion, the September 2022 partial mobilization, and the June 2023 Wagner mutiny. Focusing on Alexander Dugin and Yegor Kholmogorov, the study examines how these figures used Telegram, a media platform playing an important role in Russian public discourse, as a space for ideological labor, intellectual self-presentation, and audience engagement. Drawing from over 20,000 posts across (...) both figures’ channels, the analysis tracks shifts in tone, thematic emphasis, philosophical reference, and calls to action, revealing divergent modes of wartime intellectual performance. Dugin projects metaphysical gravitas and symbolic permanence, treating Telegram as a stage for spiritualized abstraction, while Kholmogorov adopts a polemical, moralizing tone aimed at disciplining public sentiment and amplifying state narratives. Through computational text analysis and close reading, the paper argues that Telegram functions not simply as a communications tool but as a dynamic media ecology in which intellectuals recalibrate authority in real time. Rather than offering coherent ideological frameworks, both thinkers engage in rituals of alignment, signaling loyalty, stability, or moral urgency in response to evolving crises. The study contributes to research on Russian nationalist discourse, intellectual performance in authoritarian regimes, and the role of digital media in shaping political meaning. By foregrounding Telegram as an intellectual habitat, it offers a new lens for understanding how conservative thinkers navigate visibility, legitimacy, and crisis in contemporary Russia. (shrink)

This book aims to inscribe the prominent Soviet semiologist Yurii Lotman into the analysis of political forms and components of power as seen from the context of various Russian-European encounters.

Andrey Tashchian | : Chez saint Augustin le numerus sert de principe ontologique de la beauté finie en révélant l’ascension métaphysique du sensible vers l’intelligible. De plus, se divisant en sphères objective et subjective, le numerus s’avère être une totalité, « l’idée ». Toutefois, comme une forme de la culture antique, ce concept n’est pas connu comme une contradiction réelle, et ainsi les numeri éternels ne sont pas postulés comme un processus où la subjectivité finie, le moi, deviendrait nécessaire (...) pour la substance infinie. Donc, dans la doctrine de saint Augustin, l’essence de la science de la musique n’a pas la valeur de l’activité humaine consciente de soi. | : In St. Augustine’s doctrine of rhythm numerus manifests the metaphysical ascent from sensuousness to rationality and is the ontological root of finite beauty. Moreover, numerus is differentiated into the objective and subjective spheres, proving to be a totality, the “idea.” Meanwhile, as a formation of antique culture, this concept is not known as a real contradiction, and thereby eternal numeri are not posited as a process in which finite subjectivity, I would be a necessity for the infinite substance. So, in St. Augustine’s doctrine the essence of the science of music has not the value of man’s self-conscious activity. (shrink)

In _Proslogion_, Anselm claims that understanding God as “something beyond which a greater nothing can be thought” refers to God’s existence in the mind and facilitates our understanding of God existing also in reality. The argument is epistemological and not ontological since its conclusion is our understanding of God’s existence, not a proof or demonstration that God exists. However, I argue that Anselm’s notion of existence in the mind invokes mentalism, a claim that meaning is housed in the mind and (...) semantic rules are contained within linguistic expression itself. Wittgenstein argued that mentalism is a mistaken conflation of linguistic understanding with ostensive reference to one’s private sensations. Instead, all linguistic understanding depends on the public use of rules operating within a specific semantic context. If mentalism is false, then the concept of existence in the mind alone is a shallow metaphysical idea, rendering the rest of the argument invalid. (shrink)

This paper explores the philosophical implications of Resolution Matrix Semantics (RMS) as an alternative foundation for modal logic. Unlike traditional Kripkean models, which interpret modality through relations between multiple possible worlds governed by classical logic, RMS treats indeterminate truth values as fundamental, operating within a single world. RMS introduces "blinking" truth assignments and sub-interpretations to resolve uncertainty, capturing the inherently poly-logical nature of human thought. Drawing a parallel to quantum physics, we argue that Kripke models resemble Everett’s Many-Worlds interpretation, while (...) RMS aligns with the Copenhagen interpretation’s emphasis on intrinsic uncertainty. RMS offers a new view of modal reasoning—not as a proliferation of worlds, but as a diversification of perspectives within one world. The framework’s philosophical significance is examined through connections to poly-logic thinking, quantum cognitive models, and potential applications in artificial intelligence and parallel computing. RMS ultimately provides a dynamic, pluralistic model for rationality that better reflects the complexity of human cognition and decision-making under uncertainty. (shrink)

This article considers the history of Soviet Spinoza studies after World War II. V.V. Sokolov, editor of the last Soviet publication of Spinoza’s works, regards him as a metaphysician, at times rising to dialectics, and a pantheist rising to materialism. E.V. Ilyenkov, Ya. A. Milner and B.G. Kuznetsov offer a radically different interpretation of Spinoza, as our advanced contemporary. The article provides a critical analysis of the concept of man as a “thinking body,” which Ilyenkov mistakenly ascribes to Spinoza and (...) then corrects on behalf of Marx. Kuznetsov, in his own words, performs a “neo-Spinozist analysis of science.” He is looking for equivalents of Spinoza’s concepts in modern physics, starting with the “physically meaningful” concept of being. Milner wrote a new Ethics, based on the concept of “free necessity” as a social duty consciously performed by the individual. (shrink)

Despite the declarations about the possibility of rationalities that are alternative to Western European, despite the reasoning about philosophical multipolarity, the multiplicity of ways of thinking, etc., nowadays, the Western European paradigm of rationality (and concepts that corresponds to it), which is derived from Hellenic thought, continues to claim the status of ideological neutrality and transcend any intercivilizational differences. The Western European rationality in all its diversity is now acting as rationality as such. The indispensability of the reference to the (...) Greek conceptual apparatus in contemporary philosophizing manifests itself most openly in the form of comparativism. Thus, there is the focus on carrying out explicit parallels between, on the one hand, the studied non-European intellectual phenomena and, on the other hand, their supposed European counterparts. An example of the cross-cultural and methodologically sound research of the problems of rationality is an analysis of the Dao through the prism of the Logos. The statement of the uniqueness of the Greek Logos does not imply the prohibition of the existence of its original counterparts in the so-called “non-Western” civilizations with an ancient and distinctive culture. The assumption of the existence of their own analogues of the Logos and rationality in various non-European civilizations presumes the most interesting question about the pluralism of rationalities – the question about the existence of rationalities in the past that could be considered as an alternative to the now prevailing Western European standard of rationality. (shrink)

The paper introduces “good bad theory” as a conceptual framework for understanding artificial intelligence’s potential in social theory development, focusing specifically on the formalization of human emotions through mathematical models and algorithms. It defines ‘good bad theories’ as theoretical constructions that are sound (‘good’) in mathematical accuracy and computational performance, while failing (‘bad’) to capture essential phenomenological and contextual aspects of human behavior in society. These theories are ‘good’ from a technical standpoint - precise, testable, and algorithmically implementable, yet ‘bad’ (...) from a social sciences perspective because they reduce the complexity of human social life to simplistic mathematical relationships. The paper exercises both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Through a quantitative review of publications – papers in top journals and conference proceedings – in sociology and computer science, the authors identify patterns of interest in emotion analysis across both disciplines. The paper employs comparative case study methodology to examine two prominent examples of “good bad theories” from different disciplinary domains. The first is Randall Collins’ interaction ritual theory, which formalizes the emotional dynamics of social interaction in the ‘emotional utilitarianism’ framework. The second is Stuart Russell’s game-theoretic approach to human-AI interaction. The authors argue that the “good bad theory” problem in emotion modeling represents a structural feature of AI applications in social science, where mathematical formalization requirements inherently conflict with the phenomenological, contextual, and interpretive dimensions of human emotional experience that social theory recognizes as central to understanding social reality. (shrink)

Context: Linguists and philosophers, as well as psychologists, have not yet offered a coherent explanation of the logic behind the intricate grammar of counterfactuals, the meaning of irreality and….

The starting point of my study is Kant’s remark to the effect that Garve in his treatise on the connection between morality and politics presents arguments in defence of unjust principles. Recognition of these principles is, according to Kant, an inadvisable concession to those who are inclined to abuse it. I interpret this judgement by making a detailed comparison of the texts of the two treatises. I demonstrate that Garve’s work is an eclectic attempt to combine in one concept the (...) lessons of historical experience with the ideas drawn from British empiricism and German rationalism. These ideas were criticised by Kant in his “critical” period. There is a consensus among researchers that Garve condoned the expansionist policy of Frederick II of Prussia, totally denied that legality in international relations was possible and in general deserved the reputation of an conservative. From that point of view the key values for Garve were the security and well-being of the state. I offer an alternative interpretation of Garve’s position because I believe that the value of political stability plays an important role in it. Such an interpretation makes it possible to treat Garve’s narrative as it was assessed by Kant, i.e. as a concession to the common principles of political practice as a result of a failure to find the guiding theory. My study has established that the role of Garve’s work in the writing of Kant’s treatise Toward Perpetual Peace was more significant than Kant’s own words suggest. Besides, I show that it was under Garve’s influence that Kant turned to the problem of excessive complexity of the principles involved in the search for concrete political decisions. Garve obviously laments this complexity and yet makes these principles still more complex. Kant offers a simpler solution of the problem on the basis of his theory of morals and right. (shrink)

This edited collection of original research represents the first substantial English-language overview of the current in late Soviet philosophy known as the 'activity approach'.

This article seeks to introduce Alasdair MacIntyre’s conception of virtue ethics into the sociology of morality as a redeveloping field of enquiry, focusing on the ways it could advance the sociological understanding of moral life. I argue that the virtue perspective, particularly in MacIntyre’s version, allows for conceptualizing morality as a personally and socially continuous and coherent phenomenon essentially linked to the idea of the good, which implies a more integrated picture compared to those derived from cognitive and behavioral science. (...) More specifically, I discuss several areas where MacIntyre’s ideas could be of value to the sociology of morality, including the application of the notion of human telos, its link to the sociological concepts of moral identity and character, and the social and cultural dimensions of virtue concepts. I conclude by summarizing the main features of a MacIntyrean framework for the sociology of morality, suggesting how his concepts of telos, practices, and traditions could be implemented and further advanced within the field. (shrink)

The relation between Kant’s philosophy and the “philosophy of balance” as it is described in the report Come on! Capitalism, Short-termism, Population and the Destruction of the Planet, delivered to the Club of Rome in 2018, requires some analysis. The authors of the report consider Kant to be a philosopher of European Enlightenment which laid the foundations of the modern world, but also proved to be the source of global problems. The report characterises the philosophy of the Enlightenment as lop-sided (...) rationalism which dismisses everything that does not possess desirable properties. In exchange, the authors offer a philosophy of balance, described in several points as the balance between conflicting values. The overarching problem of the philosophy of balance is the restraining of egoism. For this reason I first examine the relationship between duty and human inclinations in Kant’s ethics. I then demonstrate that the topic of political forecasts and the recommendations which Kant prescribes both in his philosophy of history and in his reflections on politics, right and justice, essentially boils down to three points of the philosophy of balance: the balance between development and justice (Kantian republicanism), between the speed and stability of development (external policy, the Kantian peace project), and between the short-term and long-term perspectives (reform policy). I then touch upon the problem of the implementation of Kantian principles in politics in the light of the reception of Kant in the modern theories of social conflicts, the communication theory of J. Habermas and the justice theory of J. Rawls. The overall conclusion is that Kant’s philosophy is not a philosophy of exclusion, capitalist values and utilitarianism and is not their ideological basis. (shrink)

There are certain grounds for asserting that the fifth generation of revolution theories is being formed in the 21st century. The main distinguishing features of the new generation of theories of revolution seem to be the reliance on global databases of revolutionary events, the widespread use of modern methods of quantitative analysis, and the fundamental idea that armed and unarmed revolutionary events are characterized by fundamentally different factors, structure and consequences. At the same time, revolutions / maximalist campaigns are understood (...) as “series of observable, continuous, targeted mass tactics pursuing fundamental changes in the political order: regime change or national self-determination” (E. Chenoweth). This article opens a series of reviews of the main concrete results obtained within the research of this generation, which opens with an analysis of the economic factors of revolutionary destabilization identified within the framework of this approach. Quantitative cross-national studies of the economic factors of revolutionary destabilization carried out to date (which we refer to as the fifth generation of studies of revolutions) show that the same economic factors can have very different effects on the likelihood of the outbreak of armed uprisings, on the one hand, and unarmed revolutionary actions, on the other. These studies show that the likelihood of unarmed revolutionary uprisings is higher in middle income countries without oil revenues, against the backdrop of rapidly rising food prices (whereas both recession and economic recovery can provoke such uprisings). On the other hand, armed uprisings are most likely in the poorest raw-material-based economies against the backdrop of an economic downturn and falling investment in fixed assets. (shrink)

In this article we investigate the complexity of isomorphisms between scattered linear orders of constructive ranks. We give the general upper bound and prove that this bound is sharp. Also, we construct examples showing that the categoricity level of a given scattered linear order can be an arbitrary ordinal from 3 to the upper bound, except for the case when the ordinal is the successor of a limit ordinal. The existence question of the scattered linear orders whose categoricity level equals (...) the successor of a limit ordinal is still open. (shrink)

Evgenii Tsurkan identifies three models of scientific communication – namely, the deficit, dialogue, and participation models – which represent a traditional framework for understanding the interaction between fundamental science and society at a high level of abstraction. At this level, two distinct types of knowledge are delineated: that generated by academic science and that embodied in techno-science. I argue that by employing a modified version of phenomenological analysis – one focused on a specific phenomenon, such as everyday practices in the (...) field of artificial intelligence – a third possible mode of communication can be identified. (shrink)

Authors base their study upon research materials of the gamer communities, analyze the risks of deconstruction of ethnic, religious and gender identity for modern Russian society. The phenomenon of virtual identity is considered as a part of philosophical - anthropological paradigm, taking into account the current social context and possible prospects. Using the methodological principles of E. Husserl’s phenomenological reduction, as well as P. Berger and T. Luckmann’s social constructionalism, and P. Bourdieu’s theory of social field they describe the mechanisms (...) of construction of social reality by representatives of the community of gamers, who act as agents of habitualization of a new type of social space - virtual reality. After analyzing the typical frameworks of interpersonal and intragroup interaction in the form of interviews, the authors came to the conclusion that “traditional” types of self-identification through attribution with an ethnic or religious group lose in the studied environment not only their relevance, but also the function of maintaining the “I-structure”. At the same time, the ontology of the game often actualizes virtual masculinity in a hypertrophied form, which can hide its compensatory nature. Thus, the phenomenon of virtual personality is becoming more and more widespread and “real”. The gamer community in this case is just one of the most striking examples of such social transformations. At the same time, the extinction of traditional identities combined with the internalization of latent narratives, embedded in the plots of most games by their developers increase the risks of erosion of such a complex socio-cultural space as modern Russian society. (shrink)

This interview with Professor Dr Jürgen Stolzenberg, board member of the Kant-Gesellschaft and co-editor of the Kant-Lexikon (2015), explores a wide range of topics — from Leibniz and Wolff to Heidegger and Husserl. The leading idea of Stolzenberg’s philosophical research is the justification of the principle of modern subjectivity in Kant’s philosophy and its transformations until our days. He discusses the meaning and development of the concept of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity in Kant’s ethics as well as in (...) Fichte’s philosophy. Stolzenberg shows the significance of Heidegger’s philosophical relations with Kant, Fichte, and the Neo-Kantians. He outlines the reasons which explain the different structures of the philosophical theories after Kant in comparison with the structure of Kant’s philosophy itself. Answering the question of Kant’s role in affirming the value of human dignity, he emphasises the non-empirical essence of this concept as it is presented in Kant’s ethics and as it should be defended against recent critics. According to Stolzenberg, the principle of modern subjectivity proves to be fruitful in understanding the development of the history of modern music, too. (shrink)

Physical systems without time and dynamics have been considered. The principle of how to construct spacetime in a physical system without time and dynamics has been proposed. It has been found what can be objects in such a spacetime, and what can be an interaction between such objects. Within the framework of the considered class of systems, answers to the following problems of philosophy and physics have been found: the nature of consciousness and the connection of body and consciousness (mind-body (...) problem), the nature of time, the anthropic principle and the problem of fine-tuning the universe, the effectiveness of mathematics in describing physical phenomena, the limits of knowledge. There are a number of indications that our Universe is not based on one of the systems of the class considered. The considered class of systems makes it possible to find answers to questions that cannot be answered for our Universe. This shows that it is fundamentally possible to find answers to these questions for our Universe as well. (shrink)

The latest book by Russian philosopher Sergey Mareev consists of two parts: recollections of his teacher Evald Ilyenkov, and reflections on some of the key themes of Ilyenkov’s philosophical heritage. The author traces several polemical lines related to the problem of the ideal, dialectics of the abstract and the concrete, the principle of historicism, as well as Ilyenkov’s interpretation of Spinoza and Hegel.

Structures without time and dynamics are considered. The principle is proposed how to build space-time in a structure without time and dynamics. It is found what can be objects in such a space-time, and what can be an interaction between such objects.Within the framework of the considered class of structures, answers were found to the following problems of philosophy and physics: the nature of consciousness and the connection between the body and consciousness (mind-body problem), nature of time, anthropic principle and (...) the problem of fine-tuning the universe, the effectiveness of mathematics in describing physical phenomena, limits of knowledge.The considered class of structures makes it possible to find answers to questions that cannot be answered for our Universe. This shows the fundamental possibility of finding answers to these questions for our Universe as well. (shrink)

Philosophy part of theory of emergent space-time-matter is discussed. It was shown that anthropic principle is direct consequence of emergent time. It was shown that consciousness is epiphenomenon, but it is more fundamental than matter.

The construction of space-time in a physical system without time and dynamics is considered. It is shown that the anthropic principle and causality principle inevitably arise in models without time and dynamics. It is shown that for any physical model based on a system without time and dynamics, the anthropic principle is a scientific principle and, in principle, can be falsified. It is shown that, in principle, there is the possibility of experimental verification of what is true - realism or (...) idealism. (shrink)